說明
Daily aggregated wildlife camera trap data from alpine regions in south-central Norway from 2011 to 2020. The data stems from several projects which have aimed to document the occurrence of Arctic fox in relation to its most common competitors and predators (red fox, wolverine, golden eagle and white-tailed eagle).
資料紀錄
此資源sampling event的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 13,563 筆紀錄。
亦存在 1 筆延伸集的資料表。延伸集中的紀錄補充核心集中紀錄的額外資訊。 每個延伸集資料表中資料筆數顯示如下。
此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本，以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。
版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Rød-Eriksen L (2023): Wildlife camera monitoring of a Norwegian alpine carnivore guild 2011-2020. v1.0. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research. Dataset/Samplingevent. https://ipt.nina.no/resource?r=alpine_camera11_20&v=1.0
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF 註冊
此資源已向GBIF註冊，並指定以下之GBIF UUID: 69e0cd24-c934-45d4-afd3-a28fe3f37e92。 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research 發佈此資源，並經由GBIF Norway同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。
關鍵字
Samplingevent; fjellrev; kongeørn; rødrev; havørn; jerv; arctic fox; golden eagle; red fox; white-tailed eagle; wolverine; vulpes lagopus; aquila chrysaetos; vulpes vulpes; haliaeetus albicilla; gulo gulo; camera trap; alpine; Norway
聯絡資訊
- 元數據提供者 ●
- 出處 ●
- 連絡人
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0482-4384
- 元數據提供者
- 連絡人
地理涵蓋範圍
The data has been collected within four major mountain areas in south-central Norway: Børgefjell (65°11′00″N 13°54′00″E), Blåfjella-Skjækerfjella-Lierne (64°13′00″N 13°06′33″E), Sylan-Kjølifjell-Forollhogna (62°40′45″N 10°47′30″E) and Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella (62°23′48″N 9°10′23″E).
| 界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [62.282, 8.249], 緯度北界 經度東界 [65.42, 14.561] |
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分類群涵蓋範圍
All positive camera trap observations were identified to species. Both the blue and white morph of the Arctic fox was detected, but aggregated to detection/non-detection of the species. Eagle observations were reviewed by experts for correct species classification.
| Species | Haliaeetus albicilla (White-tailed eagle), Aquila chrysaetos (Golden eagle), Gulo gulo (Wolverine), Vulpes lagopus (Arctic fox), Vulpes vulpes (Red fox) |
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時間涵蓋範圍
| 起始日期 / 結束日期 | 2011-03-01 / 2020-05-05 |
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計畫資料
The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) has monitored the endangered Arctic fox in Norway closely for the past 20 years. As part of several projects aimed to increase our understanding of Arctic fox distribution and population dynamics, as well as the interaction between Arctic fox and potential competitors and predators, wildlife camera monitoring at simulated carcasses was utilized as a non-invasive method from 2011. A total of 52 wildlife cameras were deployed in four mountain regions with documented occurrence of Arctic fox. The cameras were active from March to May each year, as this a time when the Arctic fox is highly active due to breeding and denning.
| 計畫名稱 | Monitoring of Arctic fox in alpine areas of south-central Norway |
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| 經費來源 | Data collection was funded by the Norwegian Environment Agency (Ecosystem Børgefjell, grant no. 20087419) and the Scandinavian EU/InterReg-projects Felles Fjellrev I and II (grant no. 20200939). Parts of the image processing was done through the project ECOFUNC funded by the Norwegian Research Council (grant no. 244557/E50). |
| 研究區域描述 | The study was carried out within four mountain regions in south-central Norway; Børgefjell (65°11′00″N 13°54′00″E), Blåfjella-Skjækerfjella-Lierne (64°13′00″N 13°06′33″E), Sylan-Kjølifjell-Forollhogna (62°40′45″N 10°47′30″E) and Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella (62°23′48″N 9°10′23″E). Common characteristics of the study regions are that they represent historical breeding grounds for the Arctic fox (from the forest line and upwards), and that they all contain varying densities of resource competitors such as the red fox, and predators such as the wolverine, golden eagle and white-tailed eagle. Typical prey species for the carnivore guild include Norwegian lemming Lemmus lemmus, vole Microtus spp. and Myodes spp., mountain hare Lepus timidus, ptarmigan Lagopus spp. and reindeer Rangifer tarandus. Conservation actions, such as translocation of individuals from captive breeding, supplementary feeding and culling of competitors (red fox) were carried out in all regions except for Børgefjell (control area). |
| 研究設計描述 | Camera traps were placed semi-randomly (adjusted for topography) above the tree line, with an average of 10 kilometers between each camera, within each mountain region in 2011. Cameras were placed at the same location in each subsequent year. A total of 52 camera traps were utilized, and were active from approximately 15th of March to 15th of May each year, although with some variation in the number of active camera traps and the duration of trapping between years. Cameras were mounted on a wooden pole about 1.5 meters above the ground/snow level, aimed at the simulated carcass (bait). The carcass consisted of a frozen block of approximately 20 kilograms of scraps and trimmings from locally slaughtered reindeer. Cameras were controlled twice during the active period, and the simulated carcass was replenished after approximately three weeks. All cameras were set to a time lapse of 5 minutes. |
參與計畫的人員:
取樣方法
Camera traps were set to a 5 minute time lapse interval. Memory cards and batteries were checked by field personnel twice during the sampling period per year (once after three weeks, and then again after 4-5 weeks when the camera was deactivated). Memory cards were sent by mail to, or shared electronically with, the project owner. Images were then copied to a central data server with scheduled backups at NINA. Image processing was carried out by NINA personnel and students attached to related research projects.
| 研究範圍 | Sampling was carried out from March to May in each mountain region in each year. The region of Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella (62°23′48″N 9°10′23″E; 18 cameras) only had sampling for the first three years (2011-2013), whereas Sylan-Kjølifjell-Forollhogna (62°40′45″N 10°47′30″E; 7 cameras) was sampled from 2011 to 2019. The other two areas, Børgefjell (65°11′00″N 13°54′00″E; 17 cameras) and Blåfjella-Skjækerfjella-Lierne (64°13′00″N 13°06′33″E; 10 cameras), were sampled for the whole study period 2011-2020. |
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| 品質控管 | Prior to the initial deployment of cameras, NINA developed a standard protocol for camera trap studies. The protocol included sections on how to prepare for the field work (camera configuration, equipment list, geographic information, handling of carcasses etc.) and how to correctly place the cameras (height above ground, angling towards carcass, direction of camera to avoid direct sunlight etc.) for best possible data quality. The protocol also included clear instructions on how to share the images with the project owner. Default equipment were either replaced immediately (if possible) or during the camera checks. During image processing, quality control was performed by doing double processing by two different people of randomly selected parts of the data. Any decrepancies were assessed and the data set corrected. The complete dataset was controlled again through an automated script during compilation and preparation for open publication. |
方法步驟描述:
- The images stored in the central data server were processed by first applying a script (using the R language) to extract image metadata (filename, date/time, camera serial number, recorded temperature etc.). The resulting text files (CSV) were formatted to a predefined template used to manually process the images. Image processing included recording of both empty and non-empty images, where non-empty images were classified to observed species, as well as registering potential failed pictures (technical failures, snow/ice on camera lens or other failure that made species identification impossible). In addition, the status of the carcass was recorded as either present (available) or absent (consumed). All image metadata were then compiled and stored in a central SQLite database. During compilation, the quality of the data set was verified through checking that each metadata file was formatted uniformly, that data was recorded for the correct parameter, standardization of nomenclature, and verifying correct association between observations and geographical location. The final data set was then aggregated to daily detections/non-detections of each target species and formatted to fit the Darwin Core standard.
額外的詮釋資料
Parts of this data set have been utilized in Rød-Eriksen et al. (2022): https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2656.13875
| 維護說明 | The projects from which the data is collected have ended, and the dataset will not be updated |
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| 替代的識別碼 | https://ipt.nina.no/resource?r=alpine_camera11_20 |